Efectos de los subtítulos intralingüísticos y los subtítulos bilingües aumentados sobre el aprendizaje incidental de vocabulario en español como lengua extranjera

Autores/as

  • Bianca González Ortega UNIBA
  • Iban Mañas Navarrete Universitat de Barcelona

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17561/rilex.3.2.5808

Palabras clave:

aprendizaje incidental del vocabulario, input audiovisual, subtítulos intralingüísticos, subtítulos bilingües, subtítulos duales, subtítulos aumentados, glosas

Resumen

Las investigaciones sobre aprendizaje incidental de vocabulario han demostrado que es posible aprender unidades léxicas a partir del visionado de input audiovisual. Además, existen evidencias de que diversas formas de subtítulos incrementan este aprendizaje. Algunos nuevos tipos de subtitulado han mostrado mayores ganancias léxicas que las modalidades tradicionales. Destacan entre estos los subtítulos intralingüísticos aumentados, o con glosas, y los subtítulos bilingües, puesto que ambos facilitan el acceso al significado. Sin embargo, no se ha determinado cuál de estos tipos de subtítulos genera mayor aprendizaje de vocabulario cuando ambos cuentan con glosas. El presente estudio investiga los efectos de los subtítulos intralingüísticos y bilingües aumentados sobre el aprendizaje incidental de vocabulario receptivo mediante el visionado de input audiovisual por parte de aprendientes de el2/le en contexto de no inmersión. Se trata de un estudio cuasiexperimental en el que participaron 82 estudiantes, de una universidad estadounidense, de nivel intermedio-bajo en español. Aunque las ganancias léxicas fueron pequeñas, los resultados indican que ambos tipos de subtítulos pueden favorecer el aprendizaje de vocabulario a nivel de la asociación entre forma y significado. Los resultados no registraron diferencias significativas en los efectos de los dos tipos de subtítulos. Si bien la mayoría de los participantes usó las glosas disponibles en las pistas escritas, no se evidenció que esto incidiera en los beneficios obtenidos del tratamiento. Se observaron distintos patrones de aprendizaje de los ítems según su frecuencia léxica, siendo la banda de frecuencia léxica media la que recoge mayores ganancias.

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Publicado

2020-12-17

Cómo citar

González Ortega, B., & Mañas Navarrete, I. (2020). Efectos de los subtítulos intralingüísticos y los subtítulos bilingües aumentados sobre el aprendizaje incidental de vocabulario en español como lengua extranjera. RILEX. Revista Sobre Investigaciones léxicas, 3(2), 125–163. https://doi.org/10.17561/rilex.3.2.5808

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Artículos sección E/L2