Efecto de un programa de descansos activos en el bienestar físico, cognitivo y mental de estudiantes universitarios
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17561/jump.n10.9171Palabras clave:
sedentarismo , pausas activas, bienestar, universitarios, saludResumen
Este estudio aborda el problema del sedentarismo en universitarios, una preocupación de salud pública que contradice las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Agenda 2030. El objetivo fue analizar el impacto de los descansos activos en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios sobre su bienestar físico, cognitivo y mental. La muestra estuvo compuesta 89 estudiantes del Grado de Educación Infantil. El programa se llevó a cabo en un periodo de 8 semanas, tuvieron una duración de 10 minutos y se realizaron después de 20-30 minutos de clase académica sedentaria. Los descansos activos se estructuraron en 3 fases (inicial, principal y final) y 3 tipos: 1) centrados exclusivamente en ejercicio físico, 2) combinando ejercicio físico con contenido académico propio de la titulación y 3) enfocados en la relajación y atención. Se utilizó un cuestionario de percepción subjetiva para evaluar la condición física, cognitiva y mental de los estudiantes, y se complementó con la observación docente. Los resultados mostraron mejoras en el bienestar físico de las piernas, espalda, cuello y hombros, así como un aumento en la concentración, receptividad y memorización. Además, se observó una mayor estabilidad y motivación mental, aunque sin un aumento significativo en el estado de alerta. La docente valoró positivamente la reducción del tiempo sedentario y el incremento de la actividad física, destacando el uso de descansos activos con contenido académico. Se concluye que los descansos activos son una estrategia efectiva para reducir el sedentarismo y mejorar la salud física y mental de los estudiantes, sugiriendo su adopción por otras instituciones educativas. La integración de contenidos académicos en los descansos activos ofrece una doble función pedagógica y de salud, fomentando hábitos saludables y contribuyendo a los objetivos de salud y educación de la Agenda 2030.
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Derechos de autor 2024 María Isabel Cifo-Izquierdo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
