Sagittal mechanics of change of direction in female football players of different competitive levels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17561/jump.n4.5Keywords:
injuries, anterior cruciate ligament, injury risk factors, cutting mechanics, sidestep, knee flexion, trunk kinematics, deceleration manoeuvresAbstract
The assessment of change of direction mechanics could make an important contribution to both targeting preventive functional training and guiding the recovery processes of female players. The purpose of this study was to describe sagittal change of direction (COD) mechanics of a group of female football players and to compare the sagittal biomechanics of the COD as well as the players' performance in the test by their competitive level. Knee flexion and trunk flexion mechanics of the players were analysed during the penultimate and final contact in a 90º COD. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 34 players aged 16-28 years belonging to two female teams of different competitive levels. For the analysis of sagittal mechanics, Kinovea software was used and the execution time was recorded using photoelectric time cells. It was found that the average position of the trunk was in flexion at initial contact during the penultimate support, both to the right (7±4.8º) and to the left (6.1±5.6º) and it was also found that maximum knee flexion (DER: 94.1±21º; IZQ: 91.5±26.7º) was considerably higher (lower values) than knee flexion at initial contact (DER: 122.9±21.1º; IZQ: 122.4±24.1º). On the other hand, both initial and maximum trunk flexion during the final contact presented significantly higher values in the elite football team (initial: 12.1±6.7º vs. 5.2±6.3º; maximum: 13.4±6.8º vs. 7.3±6º). In conclusion, female football players showed a low-risk trunk flexion strategy during the final stance, however, they did not perform a clear and efficient deceleration strategy during the penultimate contact, although they did show adequate knee flexion. Elite female footballers performed the change of direction faster and more safely.
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