Cognitive and Maturational Performance Indicators in Under-12 Tennis Players: A Pilot Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17561/jump.n12.9654Keywords:
Executive Functions, maturational stage, young tennis, perfomance indicators, talent identificationAbstract
Executive functions and biological maturation are key factors in the detection and development of sports talent, particularly in disciplines such as tennis, which demand high cognitive involvement. This pilot study aimed to analyse the relationship between executive profile, maturational stage and competitive performance in under-12 male tennis players. Eight federated players (aged 11–12), with a mean height of 151.6 cm, weight of 41.8 kg and six hours of weekly training, participated in the study. Validated cognitive tests were used to assess inhibition (Flanker), working memory (N-back), cognitive flexibility (P-Trails) and predictive ability (anticipation test), alongside an indirect calculation of biological maturation. Competitive performance was measured through games and matches won in a simulated tournament. Players with better sports outcomes showed greater accuracy in inhibition tasks, although with slower response times, suggesting more deliberate processing. In the N-back1 test, these players recorded responses 11.9% faster and 2.1% more accurate; in the N-back2 test, response times were 17.2% faster with 1.3% greater accuracy. Cognitive flexibility showed no significant differences between groups, while predictive ability was higher among top-performing players (52.5% vs. 45% accuracy). Early maturers also tended to achieve better competitive results. Overall, the findings indicate that both executive functioning and biological maturation play a relevant role in performance during developmental stages. Incorporating these indicators into talent identification processes may improve competitive equity, support comprehensive athlete development and help prevent early dropout from sport during formative years
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