Aceptación de implantes tecnológicos con fines no médicos en nativos digitales: resultados con PLS-SEM y análisis de condición necesaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17561/ree.n2.2025.8759Palabras clave:
tecnología implantable, tecnología cíborg, interacción hombre-computadora, body-hacking, modelo de aceptación de la tecnología, modelado de ecuaciones estructurales con mínimos cuadrados parciales, análisis de condición necesariaResumen
Este estudio analiza los factores que influyen en la aceptación de implantes tecnológicos (ITs) con fines no médicos entre nativos digitales. Se propone un modelo basado en el marco del modelo de aceptación tecnológica de Davis, ampliado con tres variables exógenas: motivación hedónica, influencia social y percepción de riesgo. Con una muestra de 257 nativos digitales, se aplicaron ecuaciones estructurales con mínimos cuadrados parciales y análisis de condición necesaria. El modelo muestra un ajuste adecuado, con un coeficiente de determinación cercano al 70% y una capacidad predictiva aceptable. Todos los efectos totales sobre la intención de uso son significativos y positivos, salvo los relacionados con el riesgo percibido. La motivación hedónica es el factor más influyente, seguida de la facilidad de uso percibida, la utilidad percibida y las normas subjetivas. El análisis de condición necesaria revela que las tres primeras variables son condiciones necesarias para la aceptación, siendo la facilidad de uso la que presenta mayor tamaño del efecto. Este trabajo amplía la limitada literatura sobre aceptación de ITs, subrayando el papel central de la motivación hedónica. Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones relevantes para la industria: la intención de uso de estos dispositivos apenas supera una puntuación de 3 sobre 10. Para mejorar su adopción, los ITs deben superar umbrales críticos en utilidad percibida, facilidad de uso y atractivo hedónico. Asimismo, una percepción social más favorable puede incrementar su aceptación, siempre que se cumplan los requisitos mínimos en los tres factores clave.
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