Instituciones, conocimiento y agua: el cambio de los olivares magrebíes
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https://doi.org/10.17561/at.26.8491Palabras clave:
Desarrollo territorial, Aceite de oliva, Regadío, Secano, Cambio institucionalResumen
El olivar es una actividad milenaria en los países del Magreb, pero está cambiando por la expansión de la prosperidad y la apertura de nuevos mercados. El artículo busca comprender cómo el proceso de desarrollo afecta a la agricultura. La metodología usada combina el análisis de los datos cuantitativos disponibles en los organismos nacionales e internacionales; la información obtenida de nuestro trabajo de campo y los datos extraídos de las 60 entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a agricultores, empresarios, académicos, consultores y policy makers en 2019, 2020 y 2022 en las principales regiones productoras. Los resultados muestran que los nuevos agricultores adoptan novedosos modelos organizativos y productivos. El conocimiento, la innovación y el uso del agua son los elementos claves para la moderna agricultura. Los nuevos actores que están incorporándose a la actividad desplazan las formas tradicionales de cultivo. Sin embargo, grandes desafíos económicos, sociales y ambientales acechan en el horizonte.
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