LA PRESENCIA FANTÁSTICA EN ELIADE: hermenéutica de lo irracional en el folclore.

Abstract

This article is about the “phantastic presence” in folclore according to Mircea Eliade. This author makes his most sustained attack on the dialectical interaction between Folclore and Literature, throughout his career as a critic an artist. He thinks that the literature can´t reflect the marvellous complexity of original perceptions which the rituals and symbols express for the human behaviour. The use of fictional strategies seeks to draw connections between our world and our way of writing ideas about it. For this reason, in these connections between literary topics and our reality, folclore can´t recover the original amazement in the texts when men experiment with the nature; symbols and rituals represent the folclore as an irreplaceable emotional experience and the words are near to this but don´t range over its whole meaning. Poetic use of language allows a radical rethinking of the whole notions of folclore because Eliade argues that we don´t imitate the cultural perception as a sensitive experience in the text. Literature can be considered as a phenomenon on the borderline between fiction and folclore. This last concept can ultimately serve as an important category in the wider field of cultural studies, but its complex phenmenology concerns to the reality and the way of feeling it. Folclore cannot be understood as a purely textual feature because reading or writing a text are the effects of interpretative strategies based on textual signals, not on emotional connections between sensitiveness and reality.