Sabores y sensaciones: análisis de la experiencia gastronómica de los turistas y su relación con el perfil sociodemográfico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17561/ree.n2.2024.8785Palabras clave:
gastronomía, perfil sociodemográfico, experiencia gastronómica, turismo gastronómicoResumen
La gastronomía se configura en la actualidad como uno de los factores clave en la elección del destino turístico, tomando un papel fundamental en la creación de la experiencia turística. Esta investigación se centra en analizar la experiencia gastronómica de los turistas que consumen productos culinarios locales en España. Los resultados se basan en un trabajo de campo del que se obtuvieron 612 encuestas. A través de un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (AFE), se han encontrado tres dimensiones experienciales: atmósfera, sensorial y autenticidad. Además, este estudio revela diferencias estadísticamente significativas para cada dimensión atendiendo a determinados rasgos del perfil sociodemográfico de los turistas. La aplicación práctica de estos resultados permitiría el desarrollo de estrategias de promoción turística y de mejora de la oferta gastronómica en los diferentes destinos turísticos.
Descargas
Referencias
Abdelhamied, H. H. S. (2011). Customers´ perceptions of floating restaurants in Egypt. Anatolia, 22(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2011.556212
Anderson, T. D., Musberg, L. y Therkelsen, A. (2017). Food and tourism synergies: perspectives on consumption, production and destination development. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 17(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1275290
Basil, M. D. y Basil, D. Z. (2009). Reflections of ultra-fine dining experiences. En Lindgreen, A., Vanhammed, J. y Bervelan, M. B. (eds.). Memorable customer experiences: a research anthology (135–147). Surrey: Gower Publishing Company.
Berbel-Pineda, J. M., Palacios-Florencio, B., Ramírez-Hurtado, J. M. y Santos-Roldán, L. (2019). Gastronomic experience as a factor of motivation in the tourist movements. Internacional Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 100171. https://doi.org/10.1116/j.ijgfs.2019.100171
Björk, P. y Kauppinen-Räisänen, H. (2016). Exploring the multi-dimensionality of travellers' culinary-gastronomic experiences. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(12), 1260–1280. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013.868412
Björk, P. y Kauppinen-Räisänen, H. (2017). A destination´s gastronomy as a means for holiday well-being. British Food Journal, 119(7), 1578–1591. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-09-2016-0394
Correia, A., Kozak, M. y Ferradeira, J. (2013). From tourist motivations to tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7(4), 411–424. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-05-2012-0022
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
Davras, Ö. y Özperçin, I. (2023). The relationships of motivation, service quality, and behavioral intentions for gastronomy festival: the mediatin role of destination image. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1(4), 451–464. https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2021.1968881
De Jong, A., Palladino, M., Garrido Puig, R., Romeo, G., Fava, N., Cafiero, C., Skoglund, W., Varley, P., Marciano, C., Laven, D. y Sjölander-Lindqvist, A. (2018). Gastronomy tourism: An interdisciplinary literature review of research areas, disciplines, and dynamics. Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism, 3, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.3727/216929718X15281329212243
Desmet, P. M. A. y Schifferstein, H.N.J. (2008). Sources of positive and negative emotions in food experience. Appetite, 50, 290–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.08.003
Dixit, S. K. (2019). The Routledge handbook of gastronomic tourism. Londres: Routledge International.
Du Rand, G. E., Heath, E. y Alberts, N. (2003). The role of local and regional food in destination marketing: A South African situation analysis. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 14(3/4), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v14n03_06
Ellis, A. Park, E., Kim, S. y Yeoman, I. (2018). What is food tourism? Tourism Management, 68, 250–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.03.025
Esparza-Huamanchumo, R.M., Hernández-Rojas, R.C., Longa-López, R.A. y Cárdenas-Jarama, M. (2023). Gastronomy as an effect of visitor loyalty: the Peruvian (Lima) case. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 9(2), 362–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2022-0071
Everitt, B. S. y Wykes, T. (2001). Diccionario de Estadística para Psicólogos. España: Ariel.
Fields, K. (2002). Demand for the gastronomy tourism product. Motivational factors. En Hjalager, A. M. y Richards, G. (Eds.). Tourism and Gastronomy (pp. 36–50). Londres: Routledge.
Ghatak, I. y Chatterjee, S. (2018). Urban street vending practices: an investigation of ethnic food safety knowledge, attitudes, and risks among untrained Chinese vendors in Chinatown, Kolkata. Journal of Ethnic Foods, 5, 272–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2018.11.003
Glutting, J. (2002). Some psychometric properties of a system to measure ADHD Among College Students: Factor Pattern, Reliability, and One-Year Predictive Validity. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34, 194–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.2002.12069037
Hair, J. F., Page, M. y Brunsveld, N. (2019). Essentials of business research methods. Londres: Routledge.
Hall, M. C., Sharples, L., Mitchell, R., Macionis, N. y Cambourne, B. (2003). Food tourism around the World. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Hashemi, S., Mohammed, H. J., Kiumarsi, S., Hung Kee, D. M. y Anarestani, B.B. (2021). Destinations food image and Food Neophobia on Behavioral Intentions: Culinary Tourist Behavior in Malasya. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing 35(1), 66–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974438.2021.1943101
Haven-Tang, C. y Jones, E. (2005). Using local food and drink to differentiate tourism destinations through a sense of place: A story from Wales-Dining ar Mommouthshire´s Great Table. Journal of Culinary Science and Technology, 4(4), 69–86. https://doi.org/10.1300/J385v04n04_07
Hjalager, A. M. (2004). What do tourists eat and why? Towards a sociology of gastronomy and tourism. Tourism, 52(2), 195–201.
Ignatov, E. y Smith, S. (2006). Segmenting Canadian culinary tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 9(3), 235–255. https://doi.org/10.2167/cit/229.0
Kahn, J. H. (2006). Factor analysis in Counselling Psychology research, training and practice. The Counselling Psychologist, 34, 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006286347
Kaiser, H. F. (1958). The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 23, 187–200.
Kim, Y. G., Eves, A. y Scarles, C. (2013). Empirical verification of a conceptual model of local consumption at a tourist destination. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, 484–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2012.06.005
Levitt, J. A., Zhang, P, DiPietro, R. B. y Meng, F. (2019). Food tourist segmentation: Attitude, behavioral intentions and travel planning behavior based on food involvement and motivation. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 20(2), 129–155. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480.2017.1359731
López-Guzmán, T., Uribe-Lotero, C.P., Pérez-Gálvez, J.C. y Ríos-Rivera, I. (2017) Gastronomic festivals: attitude, motivation and satisfaction of the tourist. British Food Journal, 119(2), 267–283. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-06-2016-0246
McKercher, B., Okumus, F. y Okumus, B. (2008). Food Tourism as a Viable Market Segment: It’s All How You Cook the Numbers! Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 25(2), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400802402404
Merenda, P. (1997). A guide to the proper use of Factor Analysis in the conduct and reporting of research: Pitfalls to avoid. Measurement and Evaluation in Counselling and Evaluation, 30, 156–163.
Mgonje, J. T., Backman, K. F., Backman, S. J., Moore, D. D. y Hall, J. C. (2016). A structural model to assess international visitors´ perceptions about food in Tanzania. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(6), 796–816. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1250768
Moore, Z., Harrison, D. E. y Hair, J. (2021). Data quality assurance begins before data collection and never ends: What marketing researchers absolutely need to remember, International Journal of Market Research, 63(6), 693–714. https://doi.org/10.1177/14707853211052183
Nunnally, J. C. y Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). Nueva York: McGraw-Hill.
Park, K. (2017). Ethnic foodscapes: Foreign cuisines in the United States. Food, Culture & Society, 20(3), 365–393. https://doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2017.1337390
Pesonen, J., Komppula, R., Kronenberg, C. y Peters, M. (2011). Understanding the relationship between push and pull motivations in rural tourism. Tourism Review, 66(3), 32–49. https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371111175311
Quan, S. y Wang, N. (2014). Towards a structural model of the tourist experience: an illustration from food experiences in tourism. Tourism Management, 25(3), 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00130-4
Queidari, H.S. y Hosseini, S.R. (2023). Analysis of factors influencing the motivations for traveling to culinary destinations and their effect of tourists’ loyalty and return. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism, Ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2023.2206592
Robinson, R. N. S. Getz, D. y Donilcar, S. (2018). Food tourism subsegments: A data-driven analysis. International Journal of Tourism Research, 20(3), 367–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2188
Rodrigues, P., Borges, A. P. y Vieira, E. (2023). Gastronomic experiences on tourists’ life satisfaction and happiness: The case of Porto. European Journal of Tourism Research, 34, 3412. https://doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v34i.3034
Taar, J. (2014). The best culinary experience. Factors that create extraordinary eating episodes. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 122, 145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.137
Tabachnick, B. y Fidell, L. (2001). Using multivariate statistics. Nueva York: Harper & Row.
Timothy, D J. (Ed.) (2016). Heritage cuisines: traditions, identities and tourism. Abingdon: Routledge.
Ting, H., Tan, S. y John, A. N. (2017). Consumption intention towards ethnic food. Determinants of Dayak food choice by Malaysians. Journal of Ethnic Foods, 4(1), 21–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2017.02.005
Torres, L. C. y Phakdee-Auksern, P. (2017). Understanding international tourists’ attitudes towards street food in Phuket, Thailand. Tourism Management Perspectives, 21, 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2016.11.005
Ukenna, S. I. y Ayadele, A. A. (2019). Applying the extended Theory of Planned Beahavior to predict sustainable Street food patronage in a Developing Economy. Journal of Food Product Marketing, 25(4), 404–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/10454446.2019.1572561
UNWTO (2012). Global report on food tourism. Madrid: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Organización Mundial del Turismo.
UNWTO (2017). Second Global report on food tourism. Madrid: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Organización Mundial del Turismo.
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 José E. Ramos-Ruiz, Minerva Aguilar-Rivero, Lucía Castaño-Prieto, Tomás López-Guzmán
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
- Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores/as podrán adoptar otros acuerdos de licencia no exclusiva de distribución de la versión de la obra publicada (p. ej.: depositarla en un archivo telemático institucional o publicarla en un volumen monográfico) siempre que se indique la publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as difundir su obra a través de Internet (p. ej.: en archivos telemáticos institucionales o en su página web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, lo cual puede producir intercambios interesantes y aumentar las citas de la obra publicada. (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).
La Revista de Estudios Empresariales. Segunda Época, utiliza PKP Preservation Network (PN).